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Question: Draw the structures of the following compounds. A.Propanoic acid B.\(2 - {\text{chlorobutanoic a...

Draw the structures of the following compounds.
A.Propanoic acid
B.2−chlorobutanoic acid2 - {\text{chlorobutanoic acid}}
C.Trifluoroacetic acid
D.4−methoxypentanoic acid4 - {\text{methoxypentanoic acid}}
E.2−bromobutanoic acid2 - {\text{bromobutanoic acid}}
F.Isobutyric acid
G.2,2−dibromoheptanoic acid2,2 - {\text{dibromoheptanoic acid}}

Explanation

Solution

-At first think about the nomenclature of organic compounds. The IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry is a method of naming organic chemical compounds as recommended by the International Union Of Pure and Applied Chemistry.

Complete step by step answer:
A.Propanoic acid, from the IUPAC name we can say that it has three carbon atoms and it contains an carboxylic acid group at its first carbon atom. The structure of propanoic acid is CH3−CH2−COOHC{H_3} - C{H_2} - COOH.

B.2−chlorobutanoic acid2 - {\text{chlorobutanoic acid}}, from the IUPAC nomenclature we can say that it has four carbon atoms and it contains two substituted groups. The chlorine atom is present in the second carbon atom and the carboxylic acid group is present in the first carbon atom. The structure of the compound is CH3−CH2−CH(Cl)−COOHC{H_3} - C{H_2} - CH(Cl) - COOH.

C.In acetic acid structure the three hydrogen atoms present on the second carbon atom are replaced by three fluorine atoms, then the obtained structure is trifluoroacetic acid. The structure of trifluoroacetic acid is CF3−COOHC{F_3} - COOH.

D.In the given compound, it has five carbon atoms in its structure and contains one methoxy group on the fourth carbon atom and a carboxylic acid group on the first carbon atom. The required structure of 4−methoxypentanoic acid4 - {\text{methoxypentanoic acid}} is CH3−CH(OCH3)−CH2−CH2−COOHC{H_3} - CH(OC{H_3}) - C{H_2} - C{H_2} - COOH.

E.In the given compound, it has four carbon atoms in its structure and contains bromine atom on the second carbon atom and a carboxylic acid group is present on the first carbon atom. The required structure of 2−bromobutanoic acid2 - {\text{bromobutanoic acid}} is CH3−CH2−CH(Br)−COOHC{H_3} - C{H_2} - CH(Br) - COOH.

F.Isobutyric acid is also known as isobutanoic acid. The prefix iso is used when all carbons except one form a continuous chain. In the given compound, it has four carbon atoms and a carboxylic acid group at first carbon atom. The structure of isobutyric acid is CH3−CH(CH3)−COOHC{H_3} - CH(C{H_3}) - COOH.

G.In the given compound it has seven carbon atoms in its structure and contains two bromine atoms on the second carbon atom and a carboxylic acid group on the first carbon atom. The structure of 2,2−dibromoheptanoic acid2,2 - {\text{dibromoheptanoic acid}} is CH3−CH2−CH2−CH2−CH2−C(Br)2−COOHC{H_3} - C{H_2} - C{H_2} - C{H_2} - C{H_2} - C{(Br)_2} - COOH.

Note:
In order to name organic chemical compounds you must know all the rules of IUPAC nomenclature. Don’t get confused with common names and IUPAC names. Acetic acid is the common name of ethanoic acid where ethanoic acid is its IUPAC name.