Question

Draw the structure of $(i)C{H_3}C{H_2}CHO$ $(ii)C{H_3}OH$ $(iii){C_2}{H_5}COOH$ $(iv)C{H_3}Cl$

Answer 1

The structural formula displays the atoms of the molecule in the order they are bonded. It also depicts how the atoms are bonded to one another, for example single, double and triple covalent bonds. Covalent bonds are shown using lines in the structure.

Complete answer:
$(i)C{H_3}C{H_2}CHO$: The IUPAC name is Propanal or propionaldehyde is the organic compound. It is the $3$-carbon aldehyde. It is colorless, flammable liquid with a slightly fruity odor. It is produced on a large scale industrially.

$(ii)C{H_3}OH$: The IUPAC name is Methanol. It is the simplest alcohol. It is not a hydrocarbon since the hydroxyl group is chemically bonded to the carbon atom. It consists of a methyl group linked with a hydroxyl group also known as methyl alcohol. It has a milder and sweeter odor, it is volatile and does not have color, it is flammable and poisonous liquid.

$(iii){C_2}{H_5}COOH$: The IUPAC name is propionic acid. It is a naturally occurring carboxylic acid. It is a liquid with a pungent and unpleasant smell. The anion $C{H_3}C{H_2}C{O_2}^ -$ as well as salts and esters of propionic acids are known as propionates or propanotes.

$(iv)C{H_3}Cl$: The IUPAC name of the compound is chloromethane, also called methyl chloride, is an organic compound. It is a colorless, odorless, flammable gas. Methyl chloride is a crucial reagent in industrial chemistry.

Note:
There are different structures for different compounds. Molecular geometry is the three-dimensional arrangement of the atoms that constitute a molecule. It includes the general shape of the molecule as well as bond length, bond angles. The angles between bonds that an atom forms depend only weakly on the rest of the molecule.