Question

Draw the electron dot diagram of the formation of chlorine molecules by combining two chlorine atoms?

Answer 1

We know that the Electron dot structure is represented as a chemical symbol of a molecule, that is surrounded by a number of dots that represent the valence electron of the atom. Electron dot structure is known as Lewis dot structure, which is used to indicate how the constituent atoms in a molecule are bonded.

Complete step by step solution:
There are some rules that are needed to be followed while drawing the Lewis dot structure. Let’s discuss in brief about them: Write the symbol for the atoms involved, and then add the number of all the valence electrons. In case of the negatively charged ions, add the number of charges I the number of valence electrons. In the case of positively charged ions, simply subtract the number of charges for the number of valence electrons.
In the next step, complete the octet of atoms that are attached to the central atom by adding electron pairs. Then add the remaining electrons in pairs on the central atom. - If the central atom doesn’t have an octet, then form a double bond, or if necessary then form a triple bond. - We can see the electron diagram of the formation of chlorine molecule by combining two chlorine atoms:
Here one pair of electrons sharing takes place. Hence a single bond is formed.
$\left[ :\underset{\scriptscriptstyle\centerdot\centerdot}{\ddot{C}}l:+:\underset{\scriptscriptstyle\centerdot\centerdot}{\ddot{C}}l: \right]\to \left[ Cl::Cl \right]\to \left[ Cl-Cl \right]$

Note:
Remember that we should note that there are several limitations of Lewis dot structure: The geometry of the molecules that have a covalent bond can’t be explained by using the structure; it fails to explain the cause of covalent bond formation.