Question

Draw the chemical bond formation of Hydrogen Chloride $\left[ {HCl} \right]$ . Represent the chemical bond by using symbols?

Answer 1

A chemical bond can be formed by the sharing or transfer of electrons. When there is each electron on the outermost shell of atoms, then these two atoms share the two electrons and form a covalent bond.

Complete answer:
The periodic table consists of different elements arranged in vertical columns and horizontal rows.
These different elements are arranged in the increasing order of atomic numbers.
The periodic table consists of a total of $118$ elements.
The vertical columns are called groups and horizontal rows are called periods.
There are $7$ periods and $18$ groups in the periodic table.
Hydrogen is an element belonging to group- and period-.
Its atomic number is $1$ .
The electronic configuration of hydrogen is $1{s^1}$ .
Thus, it has one electron in its outermost shell.
Chlorine is an element belonging to period $3$ and group $17$ .
Its atomic number is $17$ .
The electronic configuration of Chlorine is $\left[ {Ne} \right]3{s^2}3{p^7}$ .
Thus, chlorine has $7$ electrons in its outermost shell and is one electron deficient to attain inert or noble gas configuration.
Hydrogen has one electron in its outermost shell and chlorine has $7$ electrons in its outermost shell.
Thus, one electron from chlorine and one electron from hydrogen are involved in bonding to form a covalent bond.
As the two electrons were shared between the hydrogen and chlorine, a covalent bond is formed.
Thus, hydrogen attains duplet configuration and chlorine attains octet configuration.

Note:
The atomic number and electrons in the outermost shell of the elements must be noted clearly. The inner electrons in the inner shells should not be taken into consideration while writing the electrons involved in chemical bonding. Only two electrons were needed for the formation of each covalent bonding.