Question

Downward passage of mineral, from upper soil layer to lower soil strata is called
A. Percolation
B. Leaching
C. Weathering
D. Run away

Answer 1

The soil type plays a critical part in how minerals penetrate plants. Soil compaction can hinder the ability of the roots to move towards minerals and the potential of the water to move around the entire profile to get minerals to the plant roots.

Complete answer: Leaching seems to be the natural mechanism through which water soluble substances in the downward movement from the top layer of soil to the lower soil strata are washed out of the soil or waste. Leaching is generally two essential simultaneous actions: (a) chemical encounters with surfaces and (b) water physical exertion. It interacts with layers of the materials when the water flows through the soil and rocks. It is necessary to dissolve substances on the surface of minerals.Leaching can however occur also in tree tops high above soil, regolith, and rock. The water connects with the surface of the leaf when precipitation falls on the leaves and therefore can absorb dissolved ions from the leaf. This rainfall process is commonly referred to as foliar leaching, scraping dissolved ions from leaves. The downward movement of moisture content through the vadose zone between the root zone and the capillary fringe of a permanent groundwater is percolation. Inner runoff is also called percolation. Soon after rainfall has infiltrated the topsoil, the level of percolation is maximum. In particular, such a rate decreases with time until the next event of infiltration. Weathering is the decomposition of rocks on the earth's surface, by the action of rainwater, extreme temperatures, and microbial properties. The replacement of rock substance does not entail. The impact of temperature fluctuations on rocks are affected by physical weathering, causing the rock to tear apart. Chemical weathering is triggered by rainwater acting to form new minerals and soluble salts with the mineral grains in rocks. Weathering influenced by animals and plants is biological weathering. Until joining a channel, running away mostly on the ground surface could be a non-point source of pollution, since it can transport man-made pollutants or natural types of pollution.
Hence, the correct answer is option B.

Note: The more porous the soil, the easier it is to move via chemicals. Pure sand is probably the best form of leaching. Generally, more the sand your garden soil has, the more prone you are to have excess leaching. Soil with more of a clay component, on the other hand, presents less of a leaching issue.