Question

Distinguish between the saturated and unsaturated solution using the data given
below:
(a)- 16 g NaCl in 100 g water.
(b)- 36 g NaCl in 100 g water.
(Note - solubility of NaCl is 36 g)

Answer 1

Solubility is the amount of solute that can be added in a given amount of solvent in order to attain saturation point. Every solution is a combination of solute and solvent. And all solutions have a limit to their solubility, and once that limit is reached, the solution is said to be in a specific state known as saturation point.

Complete step by step answer:
Once we have reached the saturation point, no more solutes will get dissolved in the solvent and these solutions become unsaturated solutions. Hence, inherently all solutions are mostly unsaturated in nature. Once we start adding solute it finally gets converted to a saturated solution. The formation of solid precipitate represents that the saturation point of the solution has been achieved.
Since we have been given the problem that the solubility of NaCl is 36g/100g. This means that 36g is the amount of salt required to achieve the saturation point for 100g of water.

(a)- If we add a lesser amount of salt, anything lesser than 36 g, say 16 g of salt in 100g of water, an unsaturated solution will be obtained. It means that the solution is still having the capacity to dissolve more solute (salt) in it, in order to reach the saturation point.
(b)- 36 g of salt in 100 g of water is a saturated solution. If we will add more than 36 g of salt, then a solid precipitate will be formed

Note: Beverages having fizz are the most common and widely used example of saturated solution. In these beverages, water is a solvent and carbon is added as a solute until the point of saturation is reached.