Question

Distinguish between homogametes and heterogametes.

Answer 1

Gametes are the reproductive cells of an organism. They are also known as the sex cells. The female gametes are called ova or egg cells while the male gametes are known as sperm. These cells are produced by the cell division called meiosis.

Complete Answer:
The process of formation of male and female gametes is known as Gametogenesis.

Sl.No	Homogametes	Heterogametes
1.	The two gametes are smaller in size, shape and activity.	The two gametes are morphologically dissimilar.
2.	These gametes are similar in appearance. They are also referred to as isogametes.	Morphologically different male and female gametes which occur in most of the organisms.Male gametes are known as antherozoids or sperm. Female gamete is known as egg or ovum.Male gamete is small and motile while female gamete is large, inactive as well as non-motile.
3.	For example- alga, Cladophora.	For example- alga, Fucus, human beings.

In meiosis, the parent cell that has two copies of each chromosome undergoes one round of DNA replication followed by two separate cycles of division and form four haploid cells. These cells developed sperm and ova. The ova mature in ovaries whereas sperm develop in testes of males. During fertilization, the sperm and ovum unite and form a new organism which is diploid.

Note: The two sex chromosomes of the organism are different XY means heterogametic whereas homogametic describes the two sex chromosomes of the organism are the same XX.