Question

Discuss about determining mass percentage of oil from oil seed.

Answer 1

Mass percentage is calculated by taking the mass of the particular component divided by the mass of the entire mixture multiplied by 100. It is an expression of concentration.

Complete step by step answer:
-First we will see what mass percentage is. It is basically an expression of concentration and describes the component or compound in a particular mixture. Mass percentage is calculated as the mass of a component divided by the total mass of the mixture, multiplied by 100.
Mathematically it can be written as:
$\% mass = \dfrac{{wt.component}}{{wt.mixture}} \times 100$

-To determine the percentage of oil from oil seeds we first need to extract oil from the seeds first. The oil is extracted from the oil seeds by some methods like:
(1) Supercritical extraction (It is an advanced technique of oil extraction using $C{O_2}$)
(2) Mechanical extraction
(3) Solvent extraction method

After the extraction of the oil it is weighed to determine the mass percentage.
-First we have to weigh the oil seeds of one type. Let us assume this weight of the oil seeds to be X.
Now after extraction of the oil from these seeds, we will weigh the oil and let the weight of the oil be Y.
We will now use the equation (1) to find out the mass percentage of the oil.
Mass % = $\dfrac{Y}{X} \times 100$

-The same process is repeated for each type of oil seed to determine the mass % for all the oil types.
The cumulative mass percentage of oil can be calculated by calculating the cumulative oil weight and weight of all oil seeds together.

Note: Seed oil is a vegetable oil which is obtained from the seeds or endosperm of the plant rather than fruit. For example: sunflower oil, sesame oil, etc. For the extraction of oils the oilseeds are commercially processed by oil expellers which is done by rupturing the cell wall via heating and pressure during flaking, followed by extrusion and pressing of solvent extraction.