Question

Digestive enzymes are released by the pancreas and bile is released by the liver in response to the hormone:
a) insulin
b) zymogen
c) secretin
d) cholecystokinin

Answer 1

The release of digestive enzymes occurs when the movement of food occurs. The action of food entering a digestive organ stimulates the release of the digestive enzymes in that organ. The pancreas and bile release their secretion in the small intestine for the digestion of the foods.

Complete answer:
The digestive enzymes present in the pancreas are released by the response of the hormone cholecystokinin. This hormone is present in the duodenum part of the small intestine and stimulates the release of the digestive juices when the acidic chyme enters the small intestine from the stomach. The enzymes are released due to its presence and help in the digestion of the fatty compounds present in the chyme. It also stimulates the emptying of the gallbladder and releases the bile juice into the duodenum of the small intestine. The hormone secretion also stimulates the release of the pancreatic juices and is located on the walls of the small intestine in the duodenum part. These hormones send stimulation to release the enzymes when the chyme or the undigested food reaches the duodenum part of the small intestine. The juice secreted by the pancreas consists of various enzymes including trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, elastase, carboxypeptidase, lipase, nuclease, and amylase. The pancreatic juice also contains bicarbonate ions present in it. The bile juice is secreted by the liver. The liver produces bile juice and then the gallbladder stores it and makes the juice more concentrated. When a stimulation is sent gallbladder empties its content in the duodenum.

So, the answer is ‘cholecystokinin’.

Note: The hormone secretion and cholecystokinin are responsible for the release of the pancreatic enzymes but the bile juice is secreted only when stimulation is sent by the cholecystokinin. Bile juice and the pancreatic juice helps in the digestion of fats, carbohydrates and proteins.