Question

Differentiate the following giving suitable example: Flux and Sag

Answer 1

Flux is a substance which we add to molten metal to bond with impurities that can be removed afterwards, slag is a waste material which is removed. Fluxes are used during refining of metals and slag is impure residue. Gauge is the impurity in ore which is difficult to remove.

Complete answer:
Now, as we know flux is a substance or a material that we add in molten metal at the time of refining of metals to form a bond with impurities that can be easily removed afterwards. Slag is a waste material which is being removed.
Examples of fluxes are basic lime, rosins, acid silica and many more. Slag has a great amount of iron, aluminium, silicate, magnesium, calcium present in it. Which is then removed during the process of steel production or smelting of metals such as lead, nickel, copper.
Flux is a chemical substance used to convert impurities which are not easily removed whereas slag is a substance which is easily removed when flux and gauge are together.
In copper smelting silica $Si{O_2}$ is added
$FeO + Si{O_2} \to FeSi{O_3}$
In this $FeO$ is gauge, $Si{O_2}$ is flux and $FeSi{O_3}$ is a slag.
Let's put all this information into tabular form

FLUX	SLAG
Flux is a substance which we add along with carbon during smelting to remove impurities.	Slag is a chemical substance which is formed after the combination of impurities in the ore and flux and is lighter in weight than molten metal.
It may be basic or acidic.	It is a neutral compound in nature
Example: $CaO,Si{O_2},FeO$	Example: $FeSi{O_3},CaSi{O_3}$

Note:
In metallurgy different processes are studied which are used to extract metals. Metals are extracted through minerals and ores. All the ores are minerals but all the minerals are not ores. Through various methods we can obtain pure metals from their impure form.