Question

Differentiate the following and give examples of each:
(a) Innate and acquired immunity
(b) Active and passive immunity

Answer 1

(a) Innate and acquired immunity

| Innate immunity| Accuired Immunity
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1| It is a non- pathogen specific tye of defence mechanism.| It is a pathogen specific type of denfense mechanism.
2| It is inherited from parents and protects the indivisual since birth.| It is acquired after the birth of an indivisua
3| It operates by providing barriers against the entry of foreign infectious agents.| It operates by producing primary and secondary responses which are mediated by B-lymphocytes and T-lymohocytes.
4| It does not have a specific memory.| It is characterized by immunological memory

(b) Active and passive immunity

| Active immunity| | Passive Immunity
---|---|---|---
1| It is a type of acquired immunity in which the body produces its own antibodies against disease-causing antigens| 1| It is a type of acquired immunity in which readymade antibodies are transferred from one indivisual to another.
2| It has a long ;asting effect.| 2| It does not have long ;asting effect.
3| It is slow. It takes time in producing antibodies and giving responses.| 3| It is fast. It provides immediate relief.
4| Injecting microbes through vaccination inside the body is an example of active immunity.| 4| Transfered of antibodies present in the mother's milk to the infant is an example of passive immunity.