Question

Differentiate between Menarche and Menopause.

Answer 1

Menarche occurs in the setting of a maturing hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian. In menopause, lack of estrogen and progesterone causes many changes in women’s physiology which result in changes in the metabolism of the body.

Complete answer:

Menarche	Menopause
Menarche is the occurrence of an initial menstrual period in the female adolescent.	Menopause is the stop of menstruation. The word menopause derived from the Greek word mens ’ meaning ``monthly’’ and pausis ’ meaning ``cessation ‘’.
Menarche signals the maturation of the adolescent female body. It commonly is related to the ability to ovulate and reproduce.	Menopause is a part of a woman's natural aging process when her ovaries produce lower levels of estrogen and progesterone and when she is no longer able to become pregnant.
The average age of onset of menarche is about 12.4 years.	The occurrence of menopause before the age of 40 years or 45 years in some cases.

Additional Information:
Phases of Menopause.
The phases of menopause are usually broken down into four categories:- Pre-menopause: The broad definition of pre-menopause is the time prior to menopause.
Perimenopause: This is a period of time in women’s life characterized by the physiological changes associated with the end of reproduction capacity and terminating with the completion of menopause also called climacteric.
Menopausal phase: It's the top of menstruation. The age of menopause ranges between 45 – 55 years, the average being 50 years.
Post-menopausal: It's defined formally because of the time after which a lady has experienced 12 consecutive months of amenorrhea without a period.

Note:
Physiological changes during Menopause
-That affects their health and well-being.
-This is also related to the increased cholesterol level in the blood: Hyperlipidemia or an increase in the level of cholesterol and lipids in the blood is common.
-This leads to a gradual rise in the risk of heart disease and stroke after menopause.
-Osteoporosis: Calcium loss from the bone is increased within the first five years after the onset of menopause, leading to a loss of bone density. The calcium moves out of the bones, leaving them weak and susceptible to fracture at the littlest stress.
-As the estrogen level decreases after menopause, the tissue lining the urethra, and therefore the bladder becomes drier, thinner, and fewer elastic.