Question

Differentiate between Benign and malignant tumors.

Answer 1

Tumours are abnormal growth and accumulation of cells on the body. The cells in the tumors do not have a checkpoint to stop cell replication, and hence they become immortal cell lines and continue to proliferate non-stop.

Complete answer:
Tumours are of two types: benign tumor and malignant tumor, where they are differentiated based on their lethality and ability to invade local organs.

Benign tumor	Malignant tumor
A benign tumor is non-lethal tumors where the tumor is solid and does not involve the spread of cells.	A malignant tumor is lethal tumors where the tumor contains fluids and is involved in the spreading of cells.
The property of contact inhibition is present in the benign tumor due to which the cells won't detach from the tumor.	The property of contact inhibition is absent in malignant tumors due to which they detach and the main tumor and move freely through the blood vessels and finally accumulate in local sites.
Angiogenesis is absent in benign tumors due to which blood vessels doesn't provide oxygen and food thought	Angiogenesis is present in malignant tumours where the blood vessels provide nutrition to the tumor cells which are proliferating at a high rate.

Note: -Tumours are formed by abnormal proliferating cells. This high rate of proliferation is caused by mutation of cells, where the genetic content of these cells will be structurally altered.
-The agents which cause mutation in cells are called mutagens. There are 3 types of mutagens, which are chemical, physical, and biological.
-Benzene, artificial rubber, sodium azide, etc. are some examples of chemical mutagens. UV rays, X rays, gamma rays, etc. are the example of physical mutagens and certain viruses like HTLV come under biological mutagens.