Question

Different varieties of Indian mangoes are most popular in western and some other European countries. The varieties with different flavor, color, sugar and fleshy counter is due to
A. Genetic diversity.
B. Species diversity.
C. Induced mutations.
D. Hybridization.

Answer 1

In the farming of fruits there is the diversity of each and every fruit and vegetable that are grown by the farmers. The quality of the fruits and vegetables can be enhanced in terms of texture, shape, taste and shelf life by altering them in artificial scientific manner, new traits and unique products are obtained.

Complete answer:
Mangoes are considered as the king of fruits in India. They are farmed in large amounts in India as well as in various countries. There are many different varieties of the mangoes existing today, in terms of looks and taste. By the hybridization processes many varieties are produced, that all generally vary in genetic make-up.
Option B is incorrect as species diversity is not the reason for the diversity in the different varieties of mangoes because in the community all the varieties of mangoes belong to the same species i.e., Mangifera indica.
Option C is incorrect as induced mutation is not the process for producing the various varieties of the mangoes because induced means deliberately doing the mutation or changes to produce the new ones. It is generally done to change the characteristic artificially.
Option D is also incorrect because hybridization is the interbreeding of the two individual plants between the two plants of the same species as well as the between the different species of plants.
Option A is correct because Genetic diversity is expanded as the total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic constitutions of any species. It can be distinguished from genetic variability, which defines the drift of genetic characteristics to change. Genetic diversity is responsible for the different flavour, colours, taste and sugars in different varieties of mangoes.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

Note: Alphonso is one of the best varieties of the mangoes found in M.P. and Karnataka region of India. Besides eating, mangoes can also be used in skin cleansing, regulating diabetes and regulating cholesterol levels in the body.