Question

Describe various layers of epidermis found in Man.

Answer 1

Skin of the humans mainly consists of two layers, the upper superficial layer is the epidermis, while the lower one is the dermis, the epidermis is made up of stratus squamosal cells, and it mainly consists of 4 types of cells, keratin cells, melanocytes, Langerhans cells, and Merkel cells.

Complete answer:
The layers of the epidermis are
From the bottom to top it has five layers

Stratum basale: Stratum basale is a deep layer and it is the present bottom of the epidermis and this layer is also called as stratum germinativum, because this is a layer where cells are divided by the mitosis, and the new cells of the epidermis are germinating in this layer and move up, and this is the layer which is close to the underlying circulatory system this layer has rich blood supply, important cells found in this layer is keratinocytes, and keratin is the important protein of the epidermis.

Stratum spinosum: This layer contains 95% of keratinocytes and along with it contains other type of cells such as Merkel cells, Langerhans cells, melanocytes, and inflammatory cells, the keratinocytes mainly produced in the basale and it is send to the spinous layer, this consist of spinous shaped cells which makes this layer stretchable and flexible.

Stratum granulosum: The keratinocytes of the spinosum layers moves up to form the granulosum, and it granules that is the reason it got its name, in this layer keratin is produced most and this layer is said to be keratinized and this cells are flat, and it lost its nucleus.

Stratum lucidum: This layer got this name because of it’s translucent nature, and this layer found in hairless skin areas, and it is found in the palms of hand, and soles of legs and it is thickest layer while if this layer is absent,, then it is said to be thin layer.

Stratum corneum:It is the visible layer of the epidermis, and it gets it’s keratinocytes from lucidum and granulosum, and the keratinocytes in this layer recalled as corneocytes and this cells are dead, devoid of nucleus, and water, and it is the protective layer, which protects the body from microorganism, chemical, physical traumas, etc.

Note: The lower layer of the skin is called dermis, and the place epidermis of dermis junction, most of nutrients available and waste disposal takes place, and it is the are where so many disease attack, such as Phemphigoid, bullosa, etc.