Question

Describe the uniqueness of a covalent bond. How is it similar to an ionic bond? How is it different from a covalent bond?

Answer 1

Atoms in a compound are held due to the formation of bonds between them. These bonds are formed due to the nature of atoms and the availability of electrons in an atom.

Complete answer:
Various bonds exist between atoms in a compound; two of them are covalent bonds and ionic bonds. Covalent bonds in compounds occur with a unique property. These bonds are only found in non-metals, while ionic bonds can be made between a metal and a nonmetal.
Both these bonds are responsible for the formation of compounds from atoms of different elements. This makes them similar in function. But they differ in their nature and formation.
A covalent bond is formed when two atoms share a pair of electrons in a molecule. Therefore, a covalent bond can form a basis for the formation of complex compounds like glucose.
While, an ionic bond is formed when the electrons from the valence shell of a metal is transferred to a non-metal. This leads to a strong bond and formation of ionic compounds.
A covalent bond may be weaker than an ionic bond, but it possesses the ability of becoming polar and nonpolar, which cannot be seen in ionic compounds.
Hence, covalent bond is a unique bond as it exists in only non-metallic compounds. It is similar in making bonds as that of ionic bond, and is different from ionic bond as it shares electrons while ionic bonds donate electrons in a molecule.

Note:
Ionic compounds are formed when ionic bonds form between atoms; these compounds have the ability to conduct electricity due to the presence of ions. While covalent compounds formed due to covalent bonds, does not conduct electricity as the electrons are shared between them.