Question

Describe the hormonal control of the reproductive system in human male or females.

Answer 1

The male and female reproductive system in humans are controlled by the hormones LH and FSH. These hormones are released from the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary. It is also controlled by hormones released from reproductive tissues and organs.

Complete answer:
From the development and maturation of reproductive organs to their functions are controlled by hormones. The main hormones controlling the reproductive system in humans are LH (luteinizing hormone) and FSH (follicle stimulating hormone). The Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone released from hypothalamus acts on the pituitary gland to make and secrete the hormones luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone.

First, we will talk about the control of male reproductive system. Mainly three hormones are the regulator of the male reproductive system. FSH, LH and testosterone. FSH acts on sertoli cells of the testes and stimulates them for sperm production. FSH also plays a role in determining the number of sertoli cells or we can say it determines their capacity to maintain spermatogenesis.

LH or luteinizing hormone act on testicles to produce testosterone, which is an important hormone for sperm production. Testosterone is a very important hormone, it regulates all secondary sexual characteristics of male like body and facial hair, deeper voice, and muscle strength. It also regulates bone mass, fat distribution, sex drive and production of RBC and sperm.

Female reproductive system is regulated by four hormones: follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estrogen, and progesterone.

FSH plays a role in sexual development and functioning. FSH controls the menstrual cycle and stimulates the growth of ovum in the ovary.

LH also regulates the menstrual cycle but the main function is triggering the release of ovum by LH surge.

Estrogen plays an important role in the development of secondary sexual characters of females like breasts, wider hips, pubic hair and armpit hair. It also regulates the menstrual cycle and it thickens the uterine wall. Progesterone is secreted by the corpus luteum. It maintains the menstrual cycle and the early pregnancy.

Note: In male, the LH or luteinizing hormone is also known as ICSH or interstitial cells stimulating hormone. ICSH acts on leydig cells and stimulate them for the release of male sex hormone, testosterone.