Question

Depending upon the size and centromere position, the 46 chromosome In humans have been divided into how many groups?
A) 6
B) 5
C) 7
D) 10

Answer 1

A chromosome is a long DNA molecule that contains some or all of an organism's genetic material. Most eukaryotic chromosomes contain packaging proteins called histones, which attach to and condense the DNA molecule to preserve its integrity with the help of chaperone proteins.

Complete answer:
Human chromosomes are classified into seven classes based on their size and centromere position: A, B, C, D, E, F, and G. Chromosomes 1–3 belong to the Group A chromosomes. These are the largest chromosomes, and they are metacentric, with the centromere in the middle. Chromosomes 4 and 5 are part of the Group B chromosomes.

These are very broad and submetacentric. Chromosomes 6 to 12 and X are part of the Group C chromosomes. These are submetacentric and medium in dimension. Chromosomes 13 to 15 are part of the Group D chromosomes. They are medium in size and acrocentric, with the centromere at one end of the chromosome.

Chromosomes 16 to 18 are part of the Group E chromosomes. These are metacentric and submetacentric, with a medium size. Chromosomes 19 and 20 are part of the Group F chromosomes. These are small and metacentric in nature. Chromosomes 21, 22, and Y are part of the Group G chromosomes. These are acrocentric and tiny in number.

Therefore the correct answer is option ‘C’.

Note: Chromosomes contain the essential genetic material DNA, which is responsible for providing inherited traits and genetic information to cells. Cellular roles are critical for living organisms' growth and survival.