Question

Define valency and give valency of copper and iron.

Answer 1

Hint : Copper is a chemical element with the atomic number 29 and the symbol Cu. It's a ductile, malleable metal with excellent thermal and electrical conductivity. The chemical element iron has the symbol Fe and the atomic number 26. It is a metal that belongs to the periodic table's first transition series and group 8.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
In chemistry, an element's valence or valency is a measure of its ability to combine with other atoms to create chemical compounds or molecules. The amount of hydrogen atoms that an atom of a certain element may combine with determines its combining capability, or affinity. Carbon has a valence of 4 in methane; nitrogen has a valence of 3 in ammonia; oxygen has a valence of 2 in water; and chlorine has a valence of 1 in hydrogen chloride. Valence diagrams of a compound show how the elements are connected, with lines drawn between two components, also referred to as bonds, showing saturated valencies for each element. The number of electrons that must be lost or acquired by an atom to produce a stable electron configuration is defined as the valency of an element. The valency of the same element might fluctuate due to different conditions under which a chemical reaction takes place. As a result, metals such as lead, tin, copper, mercury, iron, and others have varying valency. Metals donate electrons from their valence shell to produce positively charged ions in most cases. Some metals, on the other hand, lose electrons from the shell next to the valence shell. The element has more than one electropositive valency in this circumstance.
Atomic number of Cu is 29, Valency Is 1, 2
Atomic number of Fe is 26, Valency Is 3, 2.

Note :
The valence shell of iron has two electrons. It has a valency of +2 after donating these electrons. It can, however, lose another electron from the next valence shell under certain experimental circumstances. In this case, the ion produced has an electropositive valency of +3.