Question

Define the term constipation.

Answer 1

It is related to bowel movements. This condition occurs when bowel movements become irregular.Constipation may cause complications.

Complete answer:
Infrequent bowel movements which are hard to pass is referred to as constipation. In case of constipation, the stool is hard and dry. Abdominal pain, bloating, feeling of incomplete passing of bowel can also be included as symptoms. Constipation may cause complications including haemorrhoids, anal fissure and fecal impaction.
Constipation includes many causes. Several causes are slow movement of stool inside the colon, irritable bowel syndrome, and pelvic floor disorders. Constipation may also be caused due to diseases such as hypothyroidism, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, celiac disease, non-celiac gluten sensitivity, diverticulitis, colon cancer, and inflammatory bowel disease. Constipation can be caused by medicines such as opioids, certain antacids, calcium channel blockers, and anticholinergics. 90% of people taking opioids develop constipation. Constipation becomes alarming when there is weight loss, anemia, and blood in the stool, there is a history of colon cancer or inflammatory bowel disease in a person's family, or can be onset of new ones.
Constipation is a treatable condition. Its treatment depends on the cause and duration for which it has been present. Drinking enough fluids, fibrous diet, and exercise can also help in relieving discomfort. If the problem remains persistent, laxatives, osmotic agent, stool softener, or lubricant type are recommended. Stimulant laxatives are only used when other types do not work. Biofeedback or surgery in rare cases may also be performed.

Note: In adults, the normal frequency of bowel movements can range from one to three times per day to three times per week. Infants usually have three to four bowel movements per day while young children may have two to three bowel movements per day.