Question

Define bond length.

Answer 1

We need to remember that the average distance between the nuclei of two bound atoms in a molecule is known as bond length or bond distance. It is a property of a bond between atoms of definite types that can be transferred and is generally independent of the rest of the molecule. Bond length is proportional to bond order: the bond is shorter when more electrons participate in its formation. Bond length is also inversely related to bond strength and bond dissociation energy.

Complete answer:
We have to know that the bond length can be defined as the distance between the nuclei of two groups or atoms that are bonded to each other in chemistry. The length of a chemical bond between different types of atoms is known as bond length. Bonds between atoms vary depending on the molecule in which they are found.
Methyl chloride, for example, has a different carbon-hydrogen bond than methane. When there are more electrons in a bond, it tends to be shorter. X-ray diffraction is used to measure bond lengths in solids. Microwave spectroscopy can be used to estimate bond length in gases.
Picometer is used to measure bond lengths (pm). Carbon lengths can be as follows:
$106 - 112$ pm for $C - H$ single bond
$120 - 154$ pm for $C - C$ single bond
$205$ pm for $C - Te$ single bond

Note:
We must note that bond length follows the same pattern as atomic radius. Traveling down a group of the periodic table, bond distances increase, while moving across a row or period, bond distances decrease. Half of the bond distance between two similar atoms equals the covalent radius. The bond length between two atoms in an organic compound is determined not only by the atoms, but also by orbital hybridization and the electronic and steric character of the substituents.