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Question: Death Valley holds the record for the highest recorded temperature in the United States. In July \(1...

Death Valley holds the record for the highest recorded temperature in the United States. In July 10,191310,1913, at a place called Furnace Creek Ranch, the temperature rose to 134∘F{134^ \circ }F. The lowest U.S. temperature ever recorded occurred at Prospect Creek Camp in Alaska in January 23,197123,1971, when the temperature plummeted to−79.8∘F - {79.8^ \circ }F.
(A) Convert these temperatures to the Celsius scale.
(B) Convert the Celsius temperature to Kelvin.

Explanation

Solution

Hint In the question, we are given the highest recorded temperatures in the United States in the year 19131913. The temperature readings are given on the Fahrenheit scale. The lowest temperature is also given. In the question, we are asked to convert the temperatures in Fahrenheit to Celsius and then convert from Celsius to Kelvin.
Formula used
Tc=59(TF−32.0){T_c} = \dfrac{5}{9}\left( {{T_F} - 32.0} \right)
Where Tc{T_c}is the temperature in Celsius and,TF{T_F} is the temperature in Fahrenheit.
TK=Tc+273.15{T_K} = {T_c} + 273.15
Where Tc{T_c} is the temperature in Celsius and TK{T_K}is the temperature in Kelvin.

Complete Step by step solution
The temperature at Furnace Creek Ranch is given by, TF=134∘F{T_F} = {134^ \circ }F
To convert the temperature from Fahrenheit into Celsius we have to use the equation,
Tc=59(TF−32.0){T_c} = \dfrac{5}{9}\left( {{T_F} - 32.0} \right)
Substituting the value of TF{T_F}, the equation will become
Tc=59(134−32.0){T_c} = \dfrac{5}{9}\left( {134 - 32.0} \right) =56.7∘C = {56.7^ \circ }C
The temperature at prospect Creek Camp is given by TF=−79.8∘F{T_F} = - {79.8^ \circ }F
Tc=d59(TF−32.0){T_c} = d\frac{5}{9}\left( {{T_F} - 32.0} \right)
Substituting the value of TF{T_F}, the equation will become
Tc=59(−79.8−32.0)=−62.1∘C{T_c} = \dfrac{5}{9}\left( { - 79.8 - 32.0} \right) = - {62.1^ \circ }C
To convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin, we have to use the equation
TK=Tc+273.15{T_K} = {T_c} + 273.15
The temperature at Furnace Creek Ranch is given by,Tc=56.7∘C{T_c} = {56.7^ \circ }C
TK=Tc+273.15{T_K} = {T_c} + 273.15
Substituting the value of Tc{T_c}
TK=56.7+273.15=329.15K{T_K} = 56.7 + 273.15 = 329.15K
The temperature at prospect Creek Camp is given by, Tc=−62.1∘C{T_c} = - {62.1^ \circ }C
TK=Tc+273.15{T_K} = {T_c} + 273.15
TK=−62.1+273.15=211.05K{T_K} = - 62.1 + 273.15 = 211.05K

Additional Information
According to scientists, theoretically, the coldest temperature that can be achieved is −273 - 273 degree Celsius. This temperature is not achieved till now but can almost be achieved. This value of temperature is called absolute zero. It is believed that molecular motion can be stopped at this temperature.

Note
Temperature conversion formulae should be remembered. To convert temperature in Kelvin to Celsius we have to reverse the formula. i.e. Tc=TK−273.15{T_c} = {T_K} - 273.15. To convert the temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius we have to deduct 3232 from the given temperature, then multiply by 55 and then divide by 99.