Question

Dative bond is present in
A. carbon monoxide
B. carbon dioxide
C. nitric oxide
D. Dichlorine monoxide

Answer 1

A bond is formed between two atoms. Both the atoms donate an electron to form the bond so, an electron pair is shared between the two bonded atoms. This bond is known as a covalent bond. The molecule in which one atom donates an electron pair to another atom to form the bond is known as a dative bond.

Complete answer:
When both the electrons of the shared pair are donated by one atom and shared between both of the bonded atoms is known as a dative bond. A dative bond is also known as a coordinate bond or dipolar bond.
We can draw the structures of the molecules to determine the dative bonds.
The structure of all the molecules is as follows:

In carbon monoxide, two bonds are formed by the sharing of two electrons from each carbon and oxygen. The third bond is formed by the electron pair donated by the oxygen atom so carbon monoxide has a dative bond. So, option (A) is correct.

In carbon dioxide, four carbon-oxygen bonds are present. Each bond is formed by the donation of an electron from each atom so carbon dioxide does not dative bond so option (B) is incorrect.

In nitric oxide, two bonds are formed by the sharing of two electrons from each, nitrogen, and oxygen. The third bond is formed by the electron pair donated by the oxygen atom so nitric oxide has a dative bond. So, option (C) is correct.

In dichlorine monoxide, two chlorine-oxygen bonds are present. Each bond is formed by the donation of an electron from each atom so dichlorine monoxide does not dative bond, so option (D) is incorrect.

Therefore, option (A) carbon monoxide and option (C) nitric oxide, are correct.

Note: In ionic bonding also one atom donates an electron to another but it is different from dative bonding because in dative bonding the atoms are not charged whereas in ionic bonding the electron pair is donated from anion to cation.