Question

Darwin’s theory of natural selection to explain organic evolution was based on?
(a)Inheritance of acquired character
(b)The appearance of sudden large inheritable variations
(c)Modification of organs through use and disuse
(d)The prodigality of reproduction, struggle for existence, and survival of the fittest.

Answer 1

It is the term made famous in the fifth edition (published in 1869) of On the Origin of Species by British naturalist Charles Darwin, which suggested that organisms best adjusted to their environment are the foremost successful in surviving and reproducing. Darwin obtained the term from English humanist and rationalist Herbert Spencer, who first utilized it in quite a while in 1864 book Principles of Biology.

Complete step by step answer:
Darwin's theory of survival explains organic evolution as follows :
1. The number of organisms is produced quite which will survive due to limited resources.
2. There is competition for resources because organisms struggle for the necessities of life.
3. Individuals within a population vary in their traits; a number of these traits are heritable.
4. A few variations are better adjusted to endure and replicate under neighborhood conditions than others.
5. Better-adjusted people are bound to endure and replicate, along these lines giving duplicates of their qualities to the resulting ages.
6. Species whose individuals are best adapted to survive while others become extinct.

So, the correct answer is ‘The prodigality of reproduction, struggle for existence, and survival of the fittest’.

Additional information: A few philosophers and researchers have proposed that the thought of survival of the fittest is a case of round thinking—that is, a repetition (an assertion outlined in such a way that it can't be misrepresented without irregularity). In tautologies, any obvious explanations that follow involve definition. Indeed, describing people who survive because the fittest is analogous to stating that people who survive. British philosopher Karl Popper considered “survival of the fittest” self-evident at first; however, he changed his mind after realizing that Darwin posited variation axiomatically; that's, Darwin noted that everything people didn't begin with similar arrangements of characters (or attributes). Therefore, the forces affecting survival did not weigh on individuals and species equally; there were always variations, some of which would prove favorable and confer fitness over others.

Note:
The logic of survival of the fittest and natural selection was thought to be transferable to humans.
Inside the setting of the authority of Victorian England (1820–1914), a viewpoint emerged that the more insightful would control the less canny, or those that were less fit. To understand this mentality, Darwin's cousin, British researcher Galton, who instituted the term eugenics (got from the Greek for “well-born”), set up the Eugenics Education Society of London in 1907.