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Question: Dalton’s law of partial pressure is not applicable to which of the following mixture of gases? A) ...

Dalton’s law of partial pressure is not applicable to which of the following mixture of gases?
A) H2+F2{{H}_{2}}+{{F}_{2}}
B) NH3+HClN{{H}_{3}}+HCl
C) SO2+Cl2S{{O}_{2}}+C{{l}_{2}}
D) H2+O2{{H}_{2}}+{{O}_{2}}

Explanation

Solution

Dalton’s law of partial pressure is the measure for a mixture of non reactive gases and the answer here includes this concept where the correct option will be those that do not give any reaction product.

Complete step by step answer:
Let us see what it means by the Dalton’s law of partial pressure
- Dalton’s law of partial pressure states that “In a mixture of non reacting gases, the total pressure exerted will be equal to the sum of the partial pressures of individual gases”.
- This is given by the formula, P=iPi=P1+P2+P3+..........P=\sum\limits_{i}{{{P}_{i}}={{P}_{1}}+{{P}_{2}}+{{P}_{3}}+..........}
where, P = Total pressure
Pi{{P}_{i}} = Partial pressure of each gas
- According to the definition, we have the fact that Dalton’s law of partial pressure is applicable to the non reacting ideal gases and in the above question if we consider each option stepwise and calculate, we have as follows,
A) H2+F2{{H}_{2}}+{{F}_{2}} reacts together to give 2HF2HF that is represented by equation,
H2+F22HF{{H}_{2}}+{{F}_{2}}\to 2HF
Thus, it is not applicable to this reaction and option A) is correct answer

Now, consider option B) NH3+HClN{{H}_{3}}+HCl
The balanced equation for this reaction is as given,
NH3+HClNH4ClN{{H}_{3}}+HCl\to N{{H}_{4}}Cl
Thus option B) is also correct

Now C) SO2+Cl2S{{O}_{2}}+C{{l}_{2}} reacts in the presence of light to give,
SO2+Cl2SO2Cl2S{{O}_{2}}+C{{l}_{2}}\to S{{O}_{2}}C{{l}_{2}}
Therefore option C) is also the correct answer.

Also D) H2+O2{{H}_{2}}+{{O}_{2}} reacts in balanced form to give water as shown,
2H2+O22H2O2{{H}_{2}}+{{O}_{2}}\to 2{{H}_{2}}O
So, the correct answer is “Option D”.

Note: To approach the correct answers, you need to be thorough with the fact that which is the inert gas (non reactive gas) and which is reactive and note that noble gases (group 18) are inert and do not undergo any chemical reaction in a given set of conditions.