Question

CV Raman got the Nobel Prize for his experiment on:
A) Dispersion of Light
B) Reflection of Light
C) Deflection of Light
D) Scattering of Light

Answer 1

Sir CV Raman got the Nobel prize for his experiment results as Raman effect. The effect defines the photon waves incident on a molecule, when deflected there is some change in the wavelength of the incident photon wave. This deals with the property of light.

Complete step by step answer:
Raman effect:
When a light beam contains a photon particle incident on a molecule, there will be some change in the wavelength of the incident wave of the photon. When an incident ray of photon passes over a clear sample of a chemical compound, a small fragment of the incident photon wave emerges in directions other than that of the incident beam. Most of this scattered photon waves from the incident photon wave is of unchanged wavelength, as defined in Rayleigh scattering. A very notable part of waves of photons, has wavelengths different from that of the incident photon wave; it's due to the presence of the Raman effect.

Raman scattering can be easily understandable if the incident light wave is considered as consisting of particles, or photons. It consists of wavelength equal to the energy of a wave, that hits the molecules of the chemical sample. Most of the particles in the incident wave are elastic, and the particles of wave or photons are scattered with no change in energy and frequency. In some instances, the chemical molecule sample takes up some energy from the incident wave or gives up some energy to the photons, which are thereby scattered with reduced or increased energy, hence with lower or higher frequency. The frequency change represents the measures of the amounts of energy transfer involved in the transition between incident and reflected states of the scattering wave particles.

The energies involved in the Raman frequency shift or transfer are found equal to the energies associated with transitions between different rotational and vibrational states of the scattering molecule. Pure rotational shifts in energy transfer are small and hard to notice, except for the same of simple gaseous molecules.

Hence, the option (D) is correct.

Note:
In liquids, rotational motions are obstructing, and distinct rotational Raman lines are not found. Mostly Raman work is perturbed with vibrational transitions, which give larger energy transfer that is observable for gases, liquids, and solids. Gas molecules are the molecules with low molecular concentration at normal pressures and therefore produce very distinct Raman effects.