Question

Conductivity of a solution is affected by:
A. Addition of water
B. Process of heating
C. Addition of acetic acid
D. All of the above

Answer 1

The conductivity of the solution is the ability of the solution to conduct electricity due to the presence of moving ions which are generated by dissolving strong electrolytes in the water.

Complete step by step answer:
The conductivity is defined as the measure of ability of an electrolyte to allow passage of electric current through it. The conductivity is due to the ions dissociated by the electrolytes in water. The electrolytes are divided into strong electrolyte and weak electrolyte depending on the strength of the electrolyte to dissociate into its constituent ions when dissolved in water. Some examples of electrolytes are HCl, NaOH.
The conductivity of the solution is affected by many reasons. Some factors are discussed below.
1. Concentration of ions:-The conductivity of the electrolyte is due to the mobility of ions present in the electrolyte solution. By increasing the concentration of ions present in the electrolyte the conductivity of the solution is also increased. By adding water, the concentration of ions is decreased and thus conductivity will be decreased.
2. By increasing temperature:- Temperature is one of the factors by which the conductivity of the solution is increased as by increasing temperature, the ions start to move with more speed and conduct electricity.
3. Nature of the electrolyte:-Nature of electrolyte plays a very important role in conductivity. As the conductivity is dependent on the concentration of ions of electrolyte, by the addition of weak electrolyte like acetic acids, the conductivity will be decreased. The conductivity will be higher in strong electrolytic solutions like hydrochloric acid as they completely dissociate into their constituents ions.
Thus, the conductivity of the solution is affected by all the given options.
Therefore, the correct option is D.

Note:
The conduction of electricity by the electrolytes is only possible in their aqueous state and molten state but not in solid state.