Question

Components of environment are –
A. Biotic
B. Abiotic
C. Both A and B
D. Only producers

Answer 1

The term environment has been derived from a French word “Environia” means to surround. Environment and living organisms are two dynamic and complex components of nature. All living organisms interact with the environment but human beings interact more vigorously than others.

Complete answer:
In other words, the environment refers to those surroundings that surround living beings from all sides and affect their lives. It consists of the atmosphere , hydrosphere, lithosphere and biosphere.

Option A: Abiotic components of the ecosystem include various physical and chemical factors. The physical factors are: sunlight, temperature, precipitation, wind, latitude and altitude, soil (for terrestrial ecosystem), fire (for terrestrial ecosystem) and water. However, the chemical factors are – level of water and air in soil, level of plant nutrients dissolved in soil, level of moisture (for terrestrial ecosystem), level of natural or artificial toxic substances dissolved in soil moisture and in water, salinity of water as well as level of dissolved oxygen in aquatic ecosystems.
Option B: Organisms that make up the biotic component of an ecosystem are usually classified as autotrophs and heterotrophs, based on how they get their food or organic nutrients they need to survive.
Option C: As both option A and B are correct, therefore, this is the correct option.
Option D: Producers are those who can produce their own food, but the environment does not only contain producers, it consists of autotrophs, heterotrophs, etc. Therefore, this is the incorrect option.

Thus, the correct answer is option (C) Both A and B.

Note: The importance of environment is,

It has a role in healthy living and existence of life on Earth
It is house to many plants, animals, human beings and microorganisms
It provides food to all the animals and microorganisms