Question

Complete the statements using the proper option from those given below. Explain the statement.
(mycotoxins, budding, rhizobium)
Leguminous plants can produce more proteins due to ________.

Answer 1

Leguminous plants are those plants that live in symbiotic association with the roots nodules of the plants. These plants help in the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen needed for the growth in plants. We can get to the answer by inferring the relationship between the plants with the option given above.

Complete answer:
There are several kinds of symbiotic biological nitrogen-fixing associations known. One of the most prominent among them is the legume-bacteria association. Nodule formation involves a sequence of multiple interactions between rhizobium and the roots of the host plant. Species of rod-shaped rhizobium have such a relationship with the roots of several legumes such as alfalfa, sweet clover, sweet pea etc.

These plants are in association with rhizobium, from the above option for the production of proteins. So, the answer is RHIZOBIUM.

Additional information:
Rhizobia multiply and colonies the surrounding roots and get attached to epidermal and root hair cells. The root -hair curls and the bacteria invade the root - hair. An infection thread is produced carrying the bacteria into the cortex of the root when they initiate the nodule formation in the cortex root. Then the bacteria are released from the thread into the cells which leads to the differentiation of specialized nitrogen-fixing cells.

The nodules contain all the necessary biochemical components such as the enzyme nitrogenase and leghaemoglobin. The enzyme nitrogenase is a Mo- Fe protein and catalyzes the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia, the first stable product of nitrogen fixation.

Therefore the correct answer is Leguminous plants can produce more proteins due to RHIZOBIUM

Note: Rhizobium was first isolated by Martinus Beijernick and cultivated a microorganism from the nodules of legumes in the year 1888. He named it Bacillus radicicol, which is now placed under Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology under the genus Rhizobium.