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Question: Complete the following equation: \(C{O_2} + {H_2}O \to \)...

Complete the following equation:
CO2+H2O→C{O_2} + {H_2}O \to

Explanation

Solution

The atmospheric gas carbon dioxide (CO2)(C{O_2}) dissolves very easily in water. This is well known in mineral water, which often has CO2C{O_2} added in it. When carbon dioxide reacts with water a weak acid is formed.

Complete step by step answer:
In the dissolution process, Carbon dioxide dissolves in water molecules. When CO2C{O_2} mixes with the water, it is partially converted into carbonic acid, hydrogen ions (H+)({H^ + }), bicarbonate (HCO3−)(HC{O_3}^ - ) and carbonate ions (CO32−)(C{O_3}^{2 - }).
CO2(g)+H2O(I)→H2CO3(aq)C{O_2}(g) + {H_2}O(I) \to {H_2}C{O_3}(aq)
The most common source of acidity in water is dissolved carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide enters the water through equilibrium with the atmosphere
CO2(aq)→CO2(g)C{O_2}(aq) \to C{O_2}(g)
And biological degradation/photosynthesis involving organic carbon, CH2O\\{ C{H_2}O\\}
 CH2O +O2(aq)→CO2(aq)+H2O\ C{H_2}O\ + {O_2}(aq) \to C{O_2}(aq) + {H_2}O
Aqueous CO2C{O_2} (aq) also undergoes a number of important inorganic equilibrium reactions. First, it can dissolve limestone
CaCO3+CO2(aq)+H2O→Ca2+(aq)+2HCO3−(aq)CaC{O_3} + C{O_2}(aq) + {H_2}O \to C{a_2} + (aq) + 2HC{O_3}^ - (aq)
Second, it can react with the water to form carbonic acid
CO2(aq)+H2O→H2CO3(aq)C{O_2}(aq) + {H_2}O \to {H_2}C{O_3}(aq)
A sealed bottle of soda contains carbonic acid. As we break the seal, the pressurized gas containing CO2C{O_2} escapes.

Note: We should note that the reaction of carbon dioxide in seawater proceeds as follows: First the carbon dioxide reacts with water to form carbonic acid. This then reacts with carbonate ions and forms bicarbonate. Over the long term, ocean acidification leads to a decrease in the concentration of carbonate ions in seawater.