Question

Compare the three states of matter i.e., solids, liquids and gases with reference to the movements of particles.

Answer 1

The movement of particles depends upon the density of solids, liquids and gases. The movement of particles is inversely proportional to the density of the three states of matter i.e., more density, less movement of particles and less density, more movement of particles.

Complete answer:
The three states of matter are solids, liquids and gases. In solids the particles are closely packed hence they have high density and therefore they have very less or negligible movement. Solids vibrate but do not move from their place.

In liquids the particles are not very close, they have little gap between the molecules, hence they have lower density than solids, and thus they have greater movement of particles as compared to solids. Liquid vibrate, move about and slide past each other.

In a gaseous state the molecules are very sparsely populated, the gap between the molecules is much greater than the liquid state hence it has least density and ultimately, they have greatest movement of particles, in all the three states of matter. Gas vibrates, and moves freely at high speeds.

Additional Information:
Since, solids have negligible movement they have definite shape, in liquids state there is little movement of particles and they take the shape of the vessel in which it is kept and in gaseous state there is greatest movement of particles and therefore they do not have definite shape.

Note:
The movement of particles is inversely proportional to the force of attraction of the particles i.e., solids have high force of attraction of particles thus least (or negligible) movement particles, in liquids less force of attraction and thus less movement of particles (greater movement of particles as compared to solids) and in gaseous state least force of attraction and thus highest movement of particles. (Alternatively this question can be done by the concept of force of attraction.)