Question

Clone dolly was produced by the attempts of-
A) Charles Darwin
B) Lederberg
C) Ian Wilmut
D) None of these

Answer 1

He is an english biologist, embryologist who was the first to use nuclear transfer of differentiated adult cells to generate a mammalian clone.

Complete answer:
Dolly was the first mammal to be cloned from somatic cells by using nuclear transfer technology. She was born due to the efforts of embryologist Ian Wilmut along with Keith Campbell and their colleagues at University of Edinburgh. She was produced by mammary glands which are somatic cells by the process of nuclear transfer. The nucleus from the mammary gland was transferred into an unfertilized oocyte from which the nucleus was removed. She was produced by three mothers, one provided the oocyte, the second one provided mammary cells while the third one was used as a surrogate who actually gave birth to dolly. Oocytes were taken from a Scottish blackface sheep and were enucleated. Mammary cells were isolated from a finn-dorset sheep. Nucleus from the mammary cells were inserted into the enucleated cells. The hybrid cells were treated with shock to induce cell division and it was allowed to grow in-vitro until the blastula stage was achieved by the embryo. The blastocyst was implanted in a surrogate female who carried dolly. She was born on July 5th 1996 and died at the age of 7 due to some lung disease.

Hence, the correct answer is – “C”. Ian Wilmut.

Note: Birth of dolly proved that the somatic nucleus can also give rise to a whole new individual and nuclear transfer can be used as a tool for production of new organisms.