Question

Choose the incorrect statement from the following.
A. The efficiency of a heat engine can be $1$ , but the coefficient of performance of a refrigeration can never be infinite.
B. The first law of thermodynamics is basically the principle of conservation of energy.
C. The second law of thermodynamics does not allow several phenomena consistent with the first law.
D. A process, whose to a hotter object is impossible.

Answer 1

Thermodynamics is a branch of science that relates the quantities like heat, internal energy, and heat. There were some important laws that describe the principle of thermodynamics. They are first law, and second law. The first law relates to the law of conservation of energy.

Complete step by step answer:
Whenever the energy is supplied to the system, it results in change in internal energy and work done. Thus, a certain amount of energy goes to low temperature reservoirs. Thus, the efficiency of a heat engine will always be less than $1$ . Thus, the given statement is false.The first law of thermodynamics is based on the law of conservation of energy as the heat given is equal to change in internal energy and work done.

The second law of thermodynamics deals with the entropy, which means there was not much relation with the first law of thermodynamics.In every chemical process, the heat cannot flow from cooler body to hotter body on its own. Thus, in a process, heat to a hotter object is impossible is a correct statement.

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Note: The second law of thermodynamics defines that the entropy is the ratio of the heat and temperature. It is different from the first law. The concepts that were explained based on the first law, and second law of thermodynamics are different, leading to the statement B as true.