Question

Choose the correct reason(s) for the stability of the lyophobic colloidal particles.
This question has multiple correct options.
A. Preferential adsorption of ions on their surface from the solution
B. Preferential adsorption of solvent from their surface from the solution.
C. Attraction between different particles having opposite charges on their surface.
D. Potential difference between the fixed layer and the diffused layer of the opposite charges around the colloidal particles.

Answer 1

lyophobic colloids are the liquid hating colloids that have very weak force of attraction when mixed with liquid. In the adsorption process, molecular species get adsorbed on the surface of the adsorbate.

Complete answer:
As we know, Lyophobic colloids are defined as the colloids that hate liquid. They cannot be directly prepared by mixing liquid with colloids. Stabilizers are added during their preparation, because they are less stable as weak forces of attraction exist between these particles.
In lyophobic colloids, peptization processes occur in which electrolytes are used. If a phase contains positively charged ions and the electrolytes contain negatively charged ions, it will create potential that will decrease the motion of these charged particles and therefore the stability of these colloidal particles increases. Hence option D is correct.
When lyophobic colloids are dissolved in a solution it will absorb only the common ions from the solution and hence option A is correct.
In lyophobic colloids the medium particles are not absorbed only solute particles are absorbed. Hence option B is incorrect.
There is no attraction between the phase and medium particles, hence option C is also incorrect.

Therefore, the correct options are (A) and (D).

Additional Information:
Adsorption is defined as the process in which adsorbate gets deposited on the surface of a solid or liquid.
Factors that affect adsorption are as follows:
Surface area: Increase in surface area increases the adsorption process.
Nature of gas: Liquefiable gases get adsorbed easily on the surface of material. These gases can be $C{{O}_{2}}$ and $C{{l}_{2}}$.
Pressure: Increase in pressure will increase the adsorption process.
Temperature: Decrease in temperature will increase the adsorption process.
Colloids are classified into lyophobic and lyophilic colloids. Lyophobic are less stable than lyophobic colloids. The surface tension of lyophobic particles is similar to that dispersion medium whereas the surface tension of lyophilic particles is higher than the dispersion particles.

Note:
In lyophobic colloids, ions get adsorbed on the surface of a material.
When an electric field is applied, colloidal particles move in definite direction.
The direction of the particles depends upon the type of charge present in the electric field.