Question

Choose the correct option with respect to fungi
a) Karyochorisis does not involve breakage or nuclear membrane
b) Unicisternal golgi bodies
c) Constitute a unique kingdom of heterotrophic organisms
d) No motile cells in the life cycle
A. (a) & (b)
B. (b) & (c)
C. (c) & (d)
D. (a), (b) & (c)

Answer 1

Fungi belong to a unique and separate kingdom due to their life diversities with various types of ecological conditions. Fungi bear certain similar characteristics to both the eukaryotic organisms as well as the plants.

**Complete answer :**
A fungi is a member of the group of eukaryotic organisms and they include both unicellular and multicellular microorganisms. The unicellular fungi are known as yeasts and the multicellular organisms may be macroscopic and are referred to as molds. Fungi are classified in a distinct and separate kingdom due to their many unique characters. Fungi are heterotrophic and are principal decomposers in the ecosystem.
The fungal cells are long and elongated and contain membrane-bound nuclei. The nuclei contains the chromosomes with the DNA. Fungi have membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelles such as mitochondria, ribosomes, golgi bodies etc. In fungi, only the golgi bodies are unicisternal in nature. The cisternae is a flattened disc like structure present in the golgi bodies and the number of cisternae are usually three to seven in number. But in fungi the number of cisternae in the golgi body is only and this situation is known as unicisternal golgi bodies and is peculiarly found in the fungi group.
In fungi, the somatic nuclear cell division is known as karyochorisis. In this type of cell division, the nuclear division takes place by constriction of the nuclear membrane. In this process of cell division, the nuclear membrane, especially the inner part, invaginates towards the inside. The invagination causes a constriction to appear on the nuclear membrane and this causes to divide the nucleoplasm into two parts. The division of cells by the process of Karyochorisis is an important feature of the fungi cells.
Fungi are generally non-motile organisms and are known to bear non motile cells throughout the life cycle except in the chytrids, which produce flagellated gametes.

> Hence, the option (B) is the most appropriate and correct option.

Note: Fungi belong to various ecological environments. They act as an important group of decomposers in the soil and decayed plant matter. Some members of the kingdom fungi are saprophytic as well as pathogenic in nature. Fungi are also used as food and in medicines. They have many unique features like heterotrophic mode of nutrition, karyochorisis and unicisternal golgi bodies.