Question

Cellular organelles involved in energy transformation are
A. Mitochondria and chloroplast
B. Chromoplast and leucoplast
C. Mitochondria and chromoplast
D. Chloroplast and leucoplast

Answer 1

The cell is known as the fundamental structural, functional, and biological unit of all known organisms. A cell is called the smallest unit of life. Cells are generally called the building blocks of life. The study of cells is known as cell biology or it is called cellular biology, or cytology.

Complete Answer:
- Cell organelle is a particular thing present inside a particular kind of cell that performs a specific function. There are different types of cell organelles, few of them are common in most types of cells like cell membranes, nucleus, and cytoplasm.
- On the other hand some organelles are precise to one particular type of cell like plastids and cell walls in plant cells. Mitochondria are double membrane bound organelle which are generally known as the powerhouse of the cell. It provides energy for the cell and also brings out cellular respiration. It makes energy in the form of ATP molecules.
- Other than from the mitochondria, chloroplasts can also produce energy by the process which is known as photosynthesis.The green coloured pigment chlorophyll which is present in the chloroplasts is involved in the process called photosynthesis in this light energy is converted into chemical energy.

Given below are the different type of cell organelles and their functions

Organelle	Function
Nucleus	DNA Storage
Mitochondrion	Energy production
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)	Lipid production and Detoxification
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)	Protein production, in particular for export out of the cell
Golgi apparatus	Protein modification and export
Peroxisome	Lipid Destruction it contains oxidative enzymes
Lysosome	Protein destruction

Note: In a eukaryotic cell energy transformation reactions generally occur in cytoplasm, mitochondria and chloroplast. Within the cytoplasm, the energy is stored and used in the production of ATP. In mitochondria the energy is stored and used to produce ATP by the process of oxidative phosphorylation. The energy captured and used in the chloroplast is to produce ATP by photophosphorylation. Therefore the two cell organelles which are involved in energy transformation reactions are chloroplast and mitochondria.