Question

Carbohydrates are majorly classified into:
(i) Sugars and Non sugars
(ii) Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides
(iii) Monosaccharides and Polysaccharides
(iv) None of them

Answer 1

Carbohydrates are an important constituent of the biological world and can be classified into various types depending upon various criteria. Think of the different types of carbohydrates present in the living organisms and try to classify them accordingly and identify the criteria that is classifying them.

Complete step by step solution:
Carbohydrates, an important constituent of the living world are a class of biomolecules mainly consisting of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen $($hydrogen and oxygen usually present in the ratio $2:1\,)$and having a general formula ${C_m}{\left( {{H_2}O} \right)_n}$, where $m$ and $n$ may or may not be different. However there are exceptions to this definition. Hence carbohydrates are defined as polyhydroxy ketones or polyhydroxy aldehydes or substances which give these on hydrolysis.
Carbohydrates can be divided majorly into sugar and non-sugars $($polysaccharides$)$.
Sugars can be further classified into:
$(a)$Monosaccharides: They are the simplest form of carbohydrates and cannot be hydrolyzed further into smaller carbohydrates. The common examples of monosaccharides are glyceraldehyde, glucose, fructose, etc.
$(b)$Disaccharides: When two monosaccharides are joined together via a covalent bond called the glycosidic bond formed via dehydration reaction then they are known as disaccharides. They are the simplest form of polysaccharides. Common examples being sucrose, lactose, maltose, etc.
$(c)$ Oligosaccharides: When three to ten monosaccharide units are linked together they are known as oligosaccharides. Common examples are Raffinose, Stachyose, etc.
Non sugars or polysaccharides can be of two types:
$(a)$ Homopolysaccharides: They are composed of a single type monosaccharide units. They are of two types Structural polysaccharides $($in plant cellulose and in animal chitin$)$ and Storage polysaccharides $($in plant starch and in animal glycogen$)$.
$(b)$ Hetero polysaccharides: They are composed of more than one type of monosaccharides or monosaccharide derivative. Example: Heparin.
So carbohydrates can be majorly classified into sugars and non-sugars.

Hence the correct answer is (i) Sugars and Non sugars.

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