Question

Calyptra is derived from
a. Archegonia
b. Capsule
c. Antheridia
d. Columella

Answer 1

Calyptra is a scientific term, generally used in the botany which means that covering hood or lid, and it mainly describes the features in the plant morphology, and these structure calyptra mainly found in the bryophytes.

Complete answer:
- The calyptra is a structure generally found in the bryophytes, where this is an enlarged archegonia center that protects the capsule which in turn contains the embryonic sporophytes.
- This calyptra usually loses before the time of the release of spores from the capsule.
- The shape of the calyptra is useful for the identification purpose of the plants.
- In the case of the flowering plants, this calyptra is a tissue that covers the stamens and carpel, and this calyptra is also useful for the capping of certain tissues such as roots, and it also sheets the growing embryo.

Functions of the calyptra.
- This calyptra provides a mechanical constraint that coordinates the development of the presumptive capsule.
- This calyptra has some other functions like the secretion of hormones that influence the differentiation of sporangium, and it’s differentiation.
- This calyptra physically protects the undifferentiated capsule region.
- As we know that it covers the offspring sporophyte, it prevents the loss of water from the sporophyte, and this calyptra reduces the rate of transpiration in sporophytes.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

Note: In order to say simply about the calyptra it is a small maternal gametophyte structure that covers the apex of the offspring sporophyte, and this calyptra is essential for the transformation of seta to the capsule and Its differentiation in many moss plants.