Question

Calculate the number of electrons, protons and neutrons in Titanium (Atomic number = 22, Mass number = 48).

Answer 1

As we know that electrons, protons and neutrons are the subatomic particles which are present in each and every atom. Both electron and proton counterbalance each other while neutron is a neutral particle. Also the atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of protons or electrons in the same atom.
Formula used:
We will use the following formula:-
Number of neutrons = (A – Z)
where,
A = Mass number
Z = Atomic number

Complete answer:
Let us first discuss about the subatomic particles as follows:-
-Proton: It is a subatomic particle which is denoted by the symbol ‘p’ or ‘${{p}^{+}}$ ’ and its electric charge is positive one. Its mass is slightly less than that of the mass of a neutron.
-Electron: It is a subatomic particle which is denoted by the symbol ‘${{e}^{-}}$ ’ and its electric charge is negative one. It revolves around the nucleus of the atom and has negligible mass i.e., approximately $1/1836$ that of the proton.
-Neutron: It is a subatomic particle which has no net electrostatic charge and has similar or little bit more mass than a proton.
-These electrons and protons cancel each other's charge in order to maintain the balance of the atom. Also the atomic number of an atom or element is equal to the number of protons or electrons in that same atom.
-As the atomic number of Titanium is 22 which means the number of protons or electrons in this element is also 22.
-Calculation of number of neutrons in Titanium (Ti) as follows:-
Given that Atomic number (Z) of Ti = 22, Mass number (A) of Ti = 48
Number of neutrons = (A – Z)
Number of neutrons in Ti = (48 – 22) = 26
Therefore the number of electrons, protons and neutrons in Titanium are 22, 22 and 26 respectively.

Note:
- Remember that protons and neutrons are collectively categorized to be called as “nucleons” and both the subatomic particles reside in the core of the atom named as nucleus.
-The only subatomic particles that can be removed or entered in an atom are electrons as they revolve around the nucleus and are the only particles that make reaction possible because it gets transferred from one substance to another.