Question

Calculate the number of electrons, protons and neutrons in 1 mole of $^{16}{O^{ - 2}}$ ions.

Answer 1

Take the help of Avogadro number. Multiply the number of electrons, protons and neutrons in one $^{16}{O^{ - 2}}$ ion to the Avogadro number.

Complete Step by step solution:
Let us first find out the number of electrons, protons and neutrons in one $^{16}{O^{ - 2}}$ ion.
A neutral ${^{16}_8}O$have 8 electrons, 8 protons and 8 neutrons.
But because of $- 2$charge $^{16}{O^{ - 2}}$ ion have two extra electrons than that of${^{16}_8}O$. So the number of electrons becomes 10, proton 8, and neutron 8.
Now to obtain a particle number for one mole, we use Avogadro’s rule. According to this rule one mole of a substance is equal to $6.022x{10^{23}}$ units of that substance (such as atoms, molecules, or ions). This number $6.022x{10^{23}}$is known as Avogadro's number or Avogadro's constant.
Now to calculate number of electron, proton and neutrons in 1 mole $^{16}{O^{ - 2}}$ ion, we will multiply number of electron, proton and neutrons in one $^{16}{O^{ - 2}}$ ion to Avogadro’s number i.e.$6.022x{10^{23}}$.
Now the number of electron in one mole $^{16}{O^{ - 2}}$ ion = 10 x $6.022x{10^{23}}$
= $6.022x{10^{24}}$
Number of proton in one mole $^{16}{O^{ - 2}}$ ion = 8 x $6.022x{10^{23}}$
= $48.176x{10^{23}}$
Number of neutrons in one mole $^{16}{O^{ - 2}}$ ion = 8 x$6.022x{10^{23}}$
=$48.176x{10^{23}}$

Therefore in 1 mole of $^{16}{O^{ - 2}}$ ions, number of electrons is $6.022x{10^{24}}$, number of protons is $48.176x{10^{23}}$ and number of neutrons is $48.176x{10^{23}}$.

Note: Be careful while counting electrons basically. As the given species is an anion so the number of electrons will be more than that of a neutral atom.