Question

Calamine, malachite, magnetite and cryolite respectively are:
(A) $ZnS{{O}_{4}},Cu{{(OH)}_{2}},F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}},N{{a}_{3}}Al{{F}_{6}}$
(B) $ZnC{{O}_{3}},CuC{{O}_{3}},F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{3}},N{{a}_{3}}Al{{F}_{6}}$
(C) $ZnS{{O}_{4}},CuC{{O}_{3}},F{{e}_{2}}{{O}_{4}},Al{{F}_{3}}$
(D) $ZnC{{O}_{3}},CuC{{O}_{3}}.Cu{{(OH)}_{2}},F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}},N{{a}_{3}}Al{{F}_{6}}$

Answer 1

A mineral from which a metal can be economically extracted in a maximum amount is known as an ore. For example- hematite is an ore of iron and copper pyrite is an ore of copper etc.

Complete step by step solution:
Ore are the minerals from which metals can be extracted commercially whereas all the minerals cannot be used to extract any metal. For example aluminium exists in two minerals form clay and bauxite.
Calamite is an ore of zinc, malachite is an ore of copper, magnetite is an ore of iron and cryolite is an ore of aluminium.
The formulae of calamine is = $ZnC{{O}_{3}}$
The formula of malachite is= $CuC{{O}_{3}}.Cu{{(OH)}_{2}}$
The formula of magnetite is= $F{{e}_{3}}{{O}_{4}}$
The formula of cryolite is = $N{{a}_{3}}Al{{F}_{6}}$

Hence the correct answer is option (D).

Additional information:
Malachite is rarely found at the crystal but when it is found the crystals are usually acicular to tabular in shape. The crystals are bright green in color.
Calamine ore is an inorganic compound which consists of a mixture of zinc oxide along with a small proportion of ferric oxide. It is used as a lotion then some additional substances such as calcium hydroxide and phenol are also added to it.
There are side effects of calamine lotion. The side effects include skin irritation but it is usually safe during pregnancy.

Note: Roasting and calcination the methods by which concentrated ore is converted to metallic oxide. Also distillation, liquation, oxidation. Electro – refining is the process which is involved in the refining of ores.