Question

Breeding between same breed of animals is called as
A) Outbreeding
B) Interbreeding
C) Inbreeding
D) Outcrossing

Answer 1

Breeding refers to union of male and female to produce offspring. It is mainly a natural process but due to the advancement in science, it is also done artificially choosing desirable traits. Artificial breeding produces hybrids.

Complete answer:
To answer this question, we must know about the types of artificial breeding.

Outbreeding is mating between two unrelated individuals belonging to different population, species. It results in the decline of reproductive capabilities of the offspring produced.
Interbreeding is breeding two different species of the same genus. It results in the change of gene pool. It results in the genetic variations and also origin of new species.
Inbreeding is breeding genetically similar parents. It results in the homozygosity which can lead to expression of recessive traits. It is a technique used in selective breeding of livestock. It can significantly affect gene expression. It can result in congenital birth defects. For example mating between brother and sister.
Outcrossing is crossing between different breeds which do not have any common ancestry. It helps in improving the expression of desired traits.

Thus the correct answer is (C). Breeding between the same breed of animals is called inbreeding.

Note:(i) Self pollination in plants is an example of inbreeding.
(ii)Disadvantages of inbreeding are-

Decline in male fertility.
Occurrence of genetic disorder.
Decline in birth rate.
Greater infant mortality.
Risk of chronic diseases.
Challenged immune system.