Question

Both sickle cell anemia and Huntington’s Chorea are
A. Virus related disease
B. Bateria related disease
C. Congenital disorders
D. Pollution induced disorders

Answer 1

An inherited red blood cell disorder in which the red blood cells contract into sickle or crescent moon shape and there are lack of healthy red blood cells to carry the oxygen throughout the body is called sickle cell anaemia. Huntington’s disease is an inherited condition where there is a breakdown of nerve cells in the brain over a period of time.

Complete Answer:
- Virus related and bacteria related diseases are the infectious or transmissible diseases that are caused by the viral and bacterial infection. These diseases are acquired after birth.
- Congenital diseases are also called as birth diseases that are acquired by birth and are caused by environmental factors, chromosomal aberrations or point mutation.these diseases are acquired by birth.
- Pollution induced diseases are the diseases that are caused by the increased level of pollutants in the environment. Some of the pollution induced disorders are asthma, allergy, respiratory disorders, heart diseases etc.
- Sickle cell anaemia is caused by the mutation in the beta haemoglobin gene in the blood that codes for the beta chain. The mutated allele sickle haemoglobin, sticks to one another, contracts and becomes stiff, sickle shaped red blood cells. This is located on chromosome 11 and is transferred from parent to offspring in an autosomal recessive manner. Hence it is one of the congenital diseases.
- Huntington’s disease is caused by the failure of nerve cells over a period of time. It is caused by the defect in the gene located on chromosome 4. It is inherited in the autosomal dominant manner from parents to offspring. Hence it is a congenital disease.

Therefore the correct answer is C) Congenital disorders.

Note: Both sickle cell anaemia and Huntington’s Chorea are congenital diseases. The difference is that there is no cure for Huntington’s Chorea whereas sickle cell anemia can be cured by blood transfusion, medication and bone marrow transplantation in rare cases. But physiotherapy, drug and talk therapy can be done to manage some of the symptoms of Huntington’s disease.