Question

Biologists who study the sequences of organisms in the fossil record are
A. Taxonomists
B. Paleontologists
C. Misologists
D. Systematists

Answer 1

Hint:- This fossil record indicates that there were many types of extinct species that were very different in appearance from those actually alive. It also exposes sequences of species over time, expressing their transition from one type to another.

Complete answer:
A taxonomist is a biologist who categorises species into categories. The fundamental scientific discipline of biology is taxonomy or biological systematics, postulating the theories of identification and relationships on which all other organism-related natural sciences depend.
Paleontology is the study of the fossil-based origins of life on Earth. The traces of plants, insects, fungi, bacteria, and single-celled living beings that have been substituted by rock material or impressions of rock-preserved creatures are fossils. In order to explain various aspects of extinct and live species, palaeontologists use fossil remains. Individual fossils might contain knowledge about the life and environment of an organism.
Biological systematics is the study of the diversification over time of living forms, both past and present, and of the connexions between living beings. Relationships are visualised as trees of evolution. There are two components of phylogenies: branching order and branch length.
So from these discussions we can conclude that Paleontologists are who study the sequences of organisms in the fossil record. Therefore the correct answer is option(B).

Additional information:- There are several subdisciplines in the area of palaeontology. Within a wider topic or discipline, a subdiscipline is a specific area of study. Subdisciplines may concentrate on a single fossil type or a certain feature of the globe, such as its atmosphere, in the case of palaeontology.
- Vertebrate Paleontology
- Invertebrate Paleontology
- Paleobotany
- Micropaleontology

Note:- The record of fossils is incomplete. Of the small percentage of species preserved as fossils, palaeontologists have recovered and examined just a tiny fraction. The succession of forms over time has been reconstructed in depth in several instances. The evolution of the horse is one case. The horse can be traced to an animal the size of a dog with several toes on each foot and teeth perfect for browsing; more than 50 million years ago, this animal, called the dawn horse, existed. The modern horse, the most recent breed, is much larger in height, is one-toed, and has teeth perfect for grazing. Like several other kinds of extinct horses that formed in various ways and left no living descendants, the intermediate groups are well preserved as fossils.