Question

Biogenesis was established by ____________________.

Answer 1

Hint:- Biogenesis refers to the mechanism by which, particularly of the same kind, a living being comes from another living thing. That is, life should not emerge spontaneously from material that is not alive, as was the stance taken by the spontaneous generation.

Complete answer:
Before, biogenesis was not generally known. The theory of spontaneous generation, which supposes that life could arise from inanimate objects or non-living things, was widely popular. People used to think that maggots could spontaneously arise from rotting meat, that a living organism as complex as mice could be created from non-living matter.
The theory of spontaneous generation says that living things may be created by inanimate objects. Often, this is referred to as abiogenesis. To this day, this hypothesis is not generally supported any more. Scientific studies such as that of Louis Pasteur showed that living things could not be spontaneously produced from inanimate objects with the introduction of laboratory instruments and microbial techniques. Just living objects are capable of another life being replicated. Thus, the spontaneous generation hypothesis became outdated and the biogenesis theory became more generally accepted.
Biogenesis refers to the mechanism by which life develops from related sources of life. The idea of biogenesis is contradictory to the theory of random generation. Henry Charlton Bastian(1837-1915), was the person who first came up with the word biogenesis. He suggested that the term biogenesis should be used instead of spontaneous generation.
Later,Thomas Henry Huxley(1825-1895) suggested that the word abiogenesis be used to refer to the spontaneous generation process and that the term biogenesis be used for the process in which life emerges from related life. Such meanings have persisted. Consequently, biogenesis is the opposite of spontaneous generation. It asserts that only another living entity, and not a non-living thing, will create living things.
In his experiment in 1859, Louis Pasteur(1822-1895), known for his major research studies in vaccination, microbial fermentation, and pasteurisation showed that from sterilised and sealed flasks nothing formed. In free, sterilised flasks, microorganisms have formed. He used flasks of swan-neck with fermentable broth as well. The flask arrangement permitted the air to enter while the dust particles were forced to conform to the long curving tube and thus stopped the broth from touching it. Nothing developed on the broth despite the air joining the flask. Conversely, while the flask was sideways tipped, microorganisms formed on the broth. Which allowed the broth to hit the dust-contaminated tube wall. This disproved the notion that microorganisms could form from the air spontaneously. Instead, the micro-organisms in the dust allowed the broth to spoil. Via his experiments, the random generation's followers waned.
So from these discussions we can conclude that Louis Pasteur established Biogenesis.

Note:- People once assumed that from an inanimate object or a non-living entity, a living being might emerge. This was the founding idea of spontaneous generation theory. Spontaneous generation has been firmly disproved with the ongoing development in laboratory instruments and techniques. The principles of spontaneous generation have now become outdated and the biogenesis hypothesis has become generally accepted.