Question

Bessemer converter is used for the preparation of:

• A. steel
• B. wrought iron
• C. pig iron
• D. cast iron

Answer 1

Answer: (A)

steel

Answer 2

Bessemer converter is used for preparation of steel. The iron obtained from blast furnace is impure or pig iron it is then undergo bessemerisation. This process is based on the fact that the impurities present in the pig iron are completely oxidised to from almost pure wrought iron. It is then mixed with known amount of spiegeleisen (an alloy of $Fe , Mn$ and $C$) to obtain steel $Si + O _{2} \longrightarrow SiO_2$ $2Mn + O_2 \rightarrow 2MnO$ $4 P + 5O_2 \rightarrow 2P_2O_5$ $MnO + SiO_2 \rightarrow \underset{\text{(slag)}}{MnSiO_3}$ $P_2O_5 + 3CaO \rightarrow \underset{\text{(slag)}}{Ca_3(PO_4)_2}$ $CaO + SiO_2 \rightarrow CaSiO_3$ $Cu_2O + FeS \rightarrow Cu_2S + FeO$ $FeO + SiO_2 \rightarrow \underset{\text{(slag)}}{FeSiO_3}$