Question

Beryllium occurs naturally in the form of beryl. The metal is produced from its ore by electrolysis after the ore has been converted to the oxide and then to the chloride. How many grams of $B{{e}_{\left( s \right)}}$ is deposited from a $BeC{{l}_{2}}$ solution by a current of $5.0A$ that flows for $1$ hour? (Atomic weight:$Be=9$ ).
A.$0.840$
B.$1.68$
C.$1.08$
D.$1.42$

Answer 1

We know that electrolysis is a process of chemical decomposition produced by passing an electric current through a liquid or solution containing ions. In this process, we generally pass a direct electrical current through an ionic substance which is either present in its molten form or is dissolved in any appropriate solvent, producing chemical reactions at the electrodes and causing material decomposition.

Complete answer:
An Electrolyte is a substance, often an ion-conducting polymer that contains free ions in the electrolyte that carries electrical current. If the ions, as in most solid salts, are not mobile, electrolysis will not be possible. The key process of electrolysis is the exchange of atoms and ions from the external circuit by removing or adding electrons. Often the desired electrolysis products are in a different physical state from the electrolyte and some physical processes can remove them.
An electrolytic cell is a device that utilizes electrical energy to decompose some chemical compounds by a process known as Electrolysis. The electrolytic cell is nothing but a special kind of electrochemical cell. Example: When water undergoes electrolysis, it breaks into hydrogen and oxygen. Voltaic cells are driven by a spontaneous chemical reaction that produces an electric current through an external circuit. These cells are essential because they are the basis for the batteries that fuel modern society.
$B{{e}^{2+}}+2{{e}^{-}}\to B{{e}_{\left( s \right)}}.$
Thus, two mole of electron is required to liberate one mole of $B{{e}^{2+}}$ to $Be.$ So, according to faradays law of electrolysis. Since, One mole of charge $=1\times F.$ where $F=96500\text{ }C$
Therefore, $\dfrac{Q}{Charge}=\dfrac{5\times 3600}{96500}=0.186\text{ }F.$
One mole of $B{{e}^{2+}}$ liberate as $Be$ when $2F$ charge flow through solution.
$1\times F=\dfrac{9g}{2}$ of Beryllium.
Thus, $0.186F$ of charge liberate $=\dfrac{9}{2}\times 0.186\text{ }g$ of Beryllium
$\Rightarrow 0.837g$ of Beryllium or $0.840\text{ }g$ of Beryllium.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Note:
Remember that the electrolytic cells are those which work on the chemical energy by utilizing electrical power from the system. The electrolytic cells work on a similar mechanism as that of the Galvanic cells. Both the cells mainly consist of two half cells, such as the oxidation half-cell and redox half-cell. However, the flow of electrons is a little different.