Question

Benzene diazonium chloride on hydrolysis gives:
(A)Benzene
(B)Benzyl Alcohol
(C)Phenol
(D)Chlorobenzene

Answer 1

Diazonium compounds or diazonium salts are a group of organic compounds sharing a common functional group, $R-{{N}_{2}}^{+}{{X}^{-}}$, where R can be any organic group. Many diazonium salts are susceptible to displacement reactions by various substrates, generating nitrogen as a by-product.

Complete step by step solution:
Benzene diazonium chloride is an organic compound with the formula $({{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}{{N}_{2}})Cl$. The structure of Benzene diazonium chloride is as follows:

It is a salt of a diazonium cation and chloride. It exists as a colourless solid that is soluble in polar solvents including water. Benzene diazonium chloride can be formed by first mixing benzene with nitric acid, which forms nitrobenzene. Nitrobenzene can then be transformed into aniline and aniline can be mixed with nitrous acid in the presence of hydrochloric acid to form the benzene diazonium chloride molecule. During the preparation of Benzene diazonium chloride, lower temperatures are favoured it because the formed Benzene diazonium chloride will become unstable if the temperature becomes more than ${{5}^{\circ }}C$
-On hydrolysis of Benzene diazonium chloride, Nitrogen molecules escape as nitrogen gas. The OH group of water attacks the vacant site left after removal of nitrogen gas. This results in the formation of phenol. Also, Small amount of NaCl is also generated.

Therefore, the correct answer is (C) option.

Note: Another common pathway is to undergo a coupling reaction to form a diazo compound. Diazonium salts are important synthetic intermediates that can undergo coupling reactions to form azo dyes and electrophilic substitution reactions to introduce functional groups.