Question

Basal placentation occurs in
A)Poaceae
B)Solanaceae
C)Malvaceae
D)Liliaceae

Answer 1

Placentation implies the formation, form and structure or arrangement of the placenta. The role of placentation is to carry nutrients, respiratory gases, and water from maternal tissue to a developing embryo and in some cases, to extract waste from the embryo. The types of placentation in a plant are Marginal, Parietal, Axile, Free-central, Superficial or Laminar and Basal.

Complete answer:
Basal placentation is a form of placentation in which the ovules derive from the base of the locule. It varies from a free-central placentation in that the ovules originate directly from the base of the locule instead of a small column or a peg which in turn, originates from the base of the locule. The single basal ovule of the sedge is an example of basal placenta.
Basal placentation can be found in the Asteraceae family. This is one of the largest and most widely distributed family of plant species. Flowers belong to this family which includes marigold and sunflower, and both undergo simple placenta.
Basal placentation occurs in Poaceae. In plant species, placentation develops where the ovules are connected to the inside of the ovary. The ovules inside the ovary of the flower are attached to the ovary by funiculi, which is similar to the umbilical cord of the plant. The part of the ovary where the funiculus is attached is referred to as the placenta.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A)

Note: Poaceae is generally referred to as the grass family. It's one of the biggest angiosperm families in the world. It is made up of 620 genera and 6,000 species. The members are cosmopolitan in their distribution. Plants represent all three ecological groups, such as hydrophytes, xerophytes and mesophytes. There are 850 species in India.