Question

Barophilic prokaryotes -
A) Grow slowly in highly alkaline frozen lakes at high altitudes
B) Grow and multiply in very deep marine sediments
C) Readily grow and divide in sea water enriched in any soluble salt of barium
D) Occur in water containing high concentration of barium hydroxide

Answer 1

Hint:- The term baro means pressure. Basophilic prokaryotes are facultatively anaerobic bacterias which usually grow at a basic pH of 8.5 or more. Examples of such organisms include moritella and colwellia.

Complete Answer:-
A barophilic prokaryote, also known as barophile, is a type of organism which can grow and exists at high-pressure zones. Examples of such organisms are deep-sea bacterias and archaebacterias.
Prokaryotic organisms are found in various different places and especially in aquatic habitats. Barophilic prokaryotes can sustain themselves and multiply in very deep marine sediments. There are prokaryotes which can live in the depths of seas and oceans and as the depth of the marine habitats increase, there is an increase in the pressure. These prokaryotic organisms have adapted to survive in the sediments. They divide and colonise the sediments in the deep marine aquatic habitats and also show adaptations like increased binding ability and increased PUFA content are present in the cell membranes. The barophilic bacteria are further divided into tolerant, barophilic and extreme barophilic based on the pressure levels they can grow and survive in.
They are generally found on ocean floors with extremely high pressure which often exceeds 380 atm pressure.
Thus, the right option is B.

Note:- Basophilic prokaryotes are also known as Piezophiles. Other prokaryotes thriving under extreme conditions are called extremophiles. Acidophiles live under highly acidic conditions, alkaliphiles live under extreme alkaline conditions, thermophiles live in deep sea vents under very high temperatures and psychrophiles live in cold conditions such as arctic and alpine lakes.